Trazabilidad logística y su impacto en la competitividad de las empresas atuneras de Manta.

Abstract

The general objective of this research was to determine how logistical traceability impacts the competitiveness of tuna companies in Manta, given the increasing pressure from international markets for guarantees of origin, sustainability, and legality in the tuna supply chain. Methodologically, the study adopted a quantitative approach with a non-experimental, crosssectional design and a correlational-causal scope. The population consisted of 40 tuna companies in Manta, from which a sample of 32 was selected using simple random probability sampling. A structured questionnaire with a 26-item Likert scale was administered, validated by expert judgment and with a Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.994. The results, processed using SPSS version 27, revealed significant correlations (Spearman's rho) between logistics traceability and competitiveness (0.879), process record control and competitiveness (0.930), traceability technologies and market access (0.950), regulatory compliance and commercial performance (0.891), and operational efficiency with the acquisition of certifications (0.979). It is concluded that logistics traceability significantly impacts competitiveness, constituting a strategic enabler that determines the positioning and continued presence of Manta tuna companies in the most demanding international markets.