Manifestaciones orales en pacientes con insuficiencia renal.

Abstract

Kidney disease is considered a serious public health problem. Its complications have meant an increase in cardiovascular mortality, acute kidney injury, progression of kidney disease, cognitive impairment, anemia, mineral and bone disorders, and fractures. There are usually alterations in the oral cavity as a consequence of renal insufficiency. The objective was to describe the oral manifestations in patients with renal insufficiency. The research had a qualitative approach, with a documentary design. It was carried out under the guidelines of the exploratory systematic reviews. Ten articles on oral manifestations in patients with renal insufficiency published between 2012 and 2022 were selected for the review. The main oral manifestations in patients with renal insufficiency are xerostomia, dysgeusia, pallor, halitosis, uremic fetidity, unpleasant taste, pale mucosa and dry, cracked lips than non-diabetics. Due to the symptoms of renal dysfunction, increased parotid volume, halitosis, bone changes in the jaws, pale mucous membranes, erosions, xerostomia, among others, can be observed in the oral cavity. Spontaneous gingival bleeding, petechiae, and ulcerations may be seen from thrombocytopenia. And due to immunosuppression, candidiasis, periodontal disease, dental caries and abscesses can appear, especially if there is poor oral hygiene.