La maloclusión dental y su relación con la postura corporal.

Abstract

Over the years, there has been a great deal of research on this topic. These studies have approached the issue from a variety of perspectives, including the opinions of dental surgeons and physical therapists in their respective areas of expertise. Malocclusions are widely recognized as a common form of irregularity frequently encountered in the population, underscoring the importance of exploring the various underlying causes that generate them. In this context, several studies that have been thoroughly reviewed and analyzed suggest that dental alignment discrepancies, known as malocclusions, may be related to body posture. Harmony and balance between the form and function of the vital organs are essential to maintain a proper physiological condition. This idea applies to the relationship between the stomatognathic system and the body, as they are closely connected through the musculoskeletal structures and the nervous system. There is a biomechanical and neurophysiological relationship between these two systems, which allows us to understand how the way the teeth fit together and adjustments in body posture can affect each other. In reality, we must see the mouth as an integral part of the system that stabilizes the skeletal mechanism, and it is critical to consider it in this broader context to fully understand its relationship. An exhaustive literature analysis was carried out using a descriptive approach, through a thorough search in various databases, such as: Scielo, MEDLINE, Dialnet. Also search engines such as Google Scholar , medigraphic, Redalyc, PubMed and Semantic Scholar. 20 articles were found in English and Spanish according to the perspectives of the different study approaches conducted in children and adult population published in the period 2010-2021. Resulting in large part that the position of the head and neck affects the activity of the masticatory muscles during the chewing process.