Opciones terapéuticas para el manejo del desgaste dental severo.

Abstract

Tooth wear is a condition characterized by the loss of dental hard tissues. It can be mechanical, including attrition, abrasion, and abfraction; or chemical, called erosion. The objective of the research was to evaluate therapeutic options for the management of severe dental wear. A systematic review was carried out that included a total of 20 articles for its results, including five clinical trials and four cohort studies. Risk factors related to severe dental wear include age, bruxism, intrinsic chemical aspects such as gastric reflux or excessive consumption of acidic substances in beverages. Treatment options for managing severe tooth wear include the use of direct or indirect restorations with resins, ceramic restorations, or crowns with materials such as zirconia or lithium disilicate. The nanofilled resins showed less wear on the cusps of posterior teeth, while the microhybrid composite restorations showed less wear on the maxillary anterior teeth. Survival rates for ceramic restorations are higher than for composite resins, and among ceramic materials both zirconia and lithium disilicate are highly effective.