Lactancia materna y el desarrollo de hábitos orales y parafuncionales en niños.

Abstract

Breastfeeding constitutes a normative model of feeding and nutrition of the child; it promotes a constant functional activity that can allow a better progress within the stomatognathic system. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the breastfeeding period and the development of oral and parafunctional habits in children. A systematic review was conducted through different databases such as: PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Embase, Dialnet, LILACS in which by exclusion and inclusion criteria are included 20 articles in Spanish, Portuguese and English that were published between 2017 and 2023. To obtain as a result that the period of breastfeeding during the first six months of life has benefits for oral and facial development, if there is a shorter time during childhood and adding external factors the child can originate parafunctional oral habits, and therefore come to originate malocclusions. Breastfeeding favors the development of facial and masticatory muscles, and stimulates an adequate functional activity in the temporomandibular joint, all this will constitute the principles for a long term oral health, in addition to creating a mechanism that involves not only physiological movements such as sucking, which contributes to healthy oral development, but in turn biologically induces the nerve receptors of the nipple for the release of milk.