Modulación sensorial en niños con trastorno espectro autista.

Abstract

The present study aimed to identify the role of occupational therapy in sensory modulation in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), where the problem is addressed, focused on the difficulties that these children face in their sensory modulation, which negatively impact their development, social participation, and academic performance; The methodology used is systematic, qualitative and bibliographic, based on the review of studies on sensory disorders in children with ASD and the corresponding therapeutic interventions; the results obtained reflect that the difficulties in sensory modulation in children with ASD are diverse, such as hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity, which affects their adaptive responses and social interaction. These difficulties directly influence emotional self-regulation, learning and participation in daily activities. Regarding therapeutic interventions, the results show that Ayres Sensory Integration and sensory play are effective in improving sensory modulation, promoting active participation in daily and social activities, by reducing avoidance behaviors in response to stimuli. In conclusion, sensory modulation in children with ASD is a complex challenge related to their neurobiological characteristics, based on occupational therapy interventions, which are essential to improve their adaptation and performance in various areas of their lives.