Trastornos temporomandibulares asociados a factores psicológicos.

Abstract

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) comprise a group of conditions that affect the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles and associated structures, causing pain and dysfunction in the jaw. Evidence suggests that psychological factors, such as stress, anxiety and depression, play a crucial role in the onset and chronification of these disorders, influencing pain perception and symptom severity. Objective: To identify the psychological factors associated with temporomandibular disorders. Methods: This study corresponds to a systematic review of the literature on psychological factors associated with temporomandibular disorders. PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines will be followed to ensure transparency and reproducibility of the review process. Results: 65 articles were taken into account, of which 20 were used to create a narrative table that summarizes the information in the articles and helps to understand them, showing the classification of the furcation, anatomical characteristics, causal factors and maintenance measures. Conclusions: In this systematic review provides strong evidence of the close relationship between psychological factors and temporomandibular disorders. Stress, anxiety, depression, pain catastrophizing and sleep disorders emerge as key psychological factors associated with the development, maintenance and exacerbation of TMDs.