Agonistas del receptor GLP1 para reducir el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular en adultos con diabetes tipo 2.

Abstract

Stroke (CVA) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2), who face a high risk due to factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia and other vascular disorders common in this disease. The prevalence of stroke in people with DM2 is alarming, since, despite glycemic control, vascular complications continue to be a major challenge for their health, because a large percentage are left with sequelae or disability, representing a medical, social, daily and economic problem. Objective: To identify the benefits of GLP1 receptor agonists in reducing the risk of stroke in adults diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The methodology of the work focuses on databases of PubMed, Medline, Ibecs, CuMed/Lilacs, WPrime and Scielo. Results: The authors of the different articles show the main modifiable risk factors that can lead to a stroke such as diabetes, high blood pressure, sedentary lifestyle, dyslipidemias and smoking to identify people who may be vulnerable, and thus be able to benefit from the drugs GLP-1RA (dulaglutide and semaglutide) in the prevention of stroke in adults with DM2, obtaining effects in glycemic control, good medical adherence by its dosage and neuroprotection by inverting the vasoconstriction in the smooth muscle of the cortical arterioles that are induced by ischemia, thus improving blood flow. In addition to the neuroplasticity that it can contribute in a previous stroke due to its effects on reducing the volume of the infarction, apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation due to its action on neurogenesis, angiogenesis and blood circulation. Conclusions: GLP-1RA drugs are a good therapeutic option for those people who are diagnosed with DM2 and have risk factors for a stroke or who have suffered some, due to their effect on blood glucose control, good therapeutic adherence and their neuroprotection effect. reducing cerebrovascular risk, improving quality of life and metabolic complications.