Intervención de enfermería en la educación nutricional y el autocuidado del adulto mayor con diabetes.

Abstract

This research study analyzes nursing interventions in nutritional education and self-care for older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective is to create a guide for nursing professionals and patients with this disease, providing relevant data on nutrition and self-care. An analysis of more than 20 scientific documents was conducted, which allows for the presentation and understanding of the theoretical foundations that promote changes in eating behaviors, as well as those that allow for the definition of nutritional and self-care advice, such as products they can consume, and other relevant data. This study is descriptive and documentary, as it allows for the characterization of research variables based on existing literature. The research showed that the theoretical models of Orem and Bandura are essential for developing effective educational strategies for self-care and nutrition in older adults with diabetes. Furthermore, socioeconomic and cognitive factors were identified as negatively influencing their nutrition and self-care, highlighting the importance of the nursing role in the implementation of personalized educational interventions.