Epidemiologia e importancia clínica de la tuberculosis pulmonar desde una perspectiva de enfermería.

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a contagious bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. General objective: Develop a systematic study through a bibliographic review on the epidemiology and clinical importance of pulmonary tuberculosis from a nursing perspective. The methodology used in the study is of a documentary type, based on a bibliographic review in indexed databases. In this method, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive and historical-logical methods were used, with several inclusion criteria such as articles of origin. academic and scientist of the last 10 years. Results obtained from the sample of 44 investigations related to the topic of study, it is evident that the main database was Pubmed with 7 articles that represent 33.33%, Scielo with 5 articles that represent 23.81%, MSP with 1 article that corresponds to 4.76%, WHO with 1 article that corresponds to 4.76% and several more of which were used as essential bases for carrying out this project. Conclusion, the study carried out on pulmonary tuberculosis managed to determine the risk factors of this chronic infectious disease, such as smoking, drug abuse, overcrowding and malnutrition. On the other hand, adequate diagnosis and treatment help prevent the spread of this pathology, in addition to the interventions carried out by the nursing professional to achieve the reduction of this disease.