Acceso a la Educación Superior como derecho social: un análisis de las disposiciones constitucionales y desafíos en Ecuador.

Abstract

This article aims to analyze access to higher education in Ecuador as a social right, considering constitutional provisions and current challenges. Through a documentary analysis of regulations in educational policies, interviews with authorities, and a review of statistical data, it is evident that, despite reforms and an increase in university slots, more than 60,000 students did not access this right in 2023. Another factor affecting the issue is the reduction of the budget for higher education institutions, which negatively impacts both educational quality and accessibility of education. According to Executive Decree #494, issued on June 14th, 2022, higher education institutions are responsible for designing and organizing student admissions to the various programs offered; however, the problem persists due to limitations in space, budget, and resources. The study concludes that it is crucial to implement inclusive public policies that address socioeconomic inequalities and promote equitable and efficient access to higher education, a vital element for socioeconomic development and equal opportunities in Ecuador.