Impacto de la IA en el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en contextos educativos.

Abstract

The present study is carried out to know the influence that AI currently has in the teaching processes to develop critical thinking, under the general objective that allows analyzing the impact of artificial intelligence in the development of critical thinking of students and teachers. The methodology applied was based on a quantitative approach, under the descriptive and inferential design, taking into consideration a population of 1173, establishing a convenience sampling considering 389 students and 28 teachers, applying a survey validated by expert judgment, using the JASP software to perform the frequency analysis, measures of centrist tendency and the crossing of variables. The results determine that artificial intelligence has a positive impact on the development of critical thinking of ULEAM students, especially in activities such as problem solving, research and project development, which from the technical careers stand out for strengthening analytical skills, while in the educational and humanistic areas support is perceived in argumentation, analysis and personalization of learning, being its effect less evident, since teachers with more experience perceive its usefulness better, showing that previous knowledge influences its educational integration. It is concluded that the impact of AI on the development of students' critical thinking varies according to the type of challenge identified, determining that challenges such as lack of training, poor training or technological limitations generate different assessments.