Efectos de la jubilación en los adultos mayores.

Abstract

Retirement is an inevitable process in the professional life of any individual and that brings with it several changes in different aspects such as: socioeconomic, psychological and/or family. This work was developed through a descriptive, qualitative and cross-sectional study, using the technique of collecting information from different databases such as: MEDLINE, Dialnet, Scielo, LILACS, Springer and Redalyc, taking as a sample a total of 20 scientific articles among the years 2012 - 2022. The results obtained in this research showed different aspects that are considered important during the retirement stage, which can manifest positively or negatively in the life of the elderly. One of the positive effects that stands out is to enjoy their free time and be more productive, without committing to work schedules and activities, allowing them to fulfill dreams that have been postponed by work and strengthen their family and social relationships. However, many retirees describe this increase in free time as a period of inactivity that negatively influences their physical and mental health, since it highlights the appearance of feelings such as stress, devaluation and loss of self-esteem. It is concluded that, regardless of the positive and negative aspects that retirement entails, this stage results in a radical and important change in the life of the elderly, as well as in the development of their roles and occupations, which can be experienced in different ways. depending on the biopsychosocial state in which the individual is in the retirement period.