La vulnerabilidad de derechos en la niñez y adolescencia en situación de acogimiento institucional un abordaje desde la intervención social en la fundación Shekinah, años 2024 - 2025.

Abstract

The research addressed the issue of the vulnerability of rights faced by children and adolescents under the care of the Shekinah Foundation, who experienced abandonment, maltreatment, and emotional deficiencies that compromised their comprehensive development. The main objective was to analyze how social interventions contributed to the restoration and protection of their rights. The methodology was based on a qualitative, phenomenological, and hermeneutic approach, applying semi-structured interviews with professionals from the foundation, direct observation, and documentary analysis, utilizing techniques for categorizing and triangulating the gathered information. The results demonstrated that, although institutional care ensured a safe environment and covered basic needs such as food, housing, and medical care, there were still significant limitations in emotional support and psychosocial stimulation. It was found that many minors exhibited feelings of insecurity, low self-esteem, difficulties in establishing trustful relationships, and educational lag resulting from family instability. Likewise, social interventions contributed to improving their well-being by strengthening self-esteem, providing psychological support, and promoting the development of life projects, although their reach was limited by the scarcity of economic resources, the workload of technical teams, and the lack of specialized family reintegration programs. It was emphasized that the absence of dedicated support networks increased vulnerability and prolonged institutional stay. In conclusion, it was determined that foster care, although necessary as a temporary protective measure, did not fully replace the family role nor guarantee all the rights enshrined in national and international regulations. Finally, it was recommended to strengthen staff training, prioritize family reintegration strategies, and enhance psychosocial support to promote holistic development and effective restitution of rights.