Impacto de la cultura sobre el patrimonio cultural inmaterial de Manabí.

Abstract

The present research aimed to evaluate the influence of cultural practices on the preservation of intangible cultural heritage in the province of Manabí, with the purpose of generating inputs that strengthen its safeguarding and intergenerational transmission. The study was developed using a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative techniques (surveys to the population). In total, 384 questionnaires were applied, validated by experts and by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, which ensured the instrument’s internal consistency. Qualitative techniques (interviews with knowledge bearers and key actors) were also used, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon studied. The target population included inhabitants from different cantons of Manabí, selected through purposive sampling, considering their participation in cultural practices and their knowledge of intangible heritage. The results showed that the most representative cultural manifestations are religious festivities (San Pedro and San Pablo, Señor de los Milagros, Virgen del Carmen, among others), traditional crafts (Panama hat weaving, wickerwork, pottery), and typical gastronomy (chicha, sweets, traditional dishes). It was identified that intergenerational transmission, community participation, and institutional support are determining factors in the preservation of these practices, although they face threats such as youth disinterest, migration, insecurity, and the lack of sustained cultural promotion programs. The cross-analysis of surveys and interviews confirmed the research hypothesis: local culture significantly influences the preservation of intangible cultural heritage. It is concluded that, to ensure its continuity, it is necessary to implement heritage-oriented educational programs, promote the participation of younger generations, and strengthen collaboration between the community, institutions, and academia.