Indicaciones para extracción de los terceros molares inferiores asintomáticos

Abstract

The third molar is the last tooth to erupt, so it can easily be impacted or displaced if there is not enough space in the dental arch. They have many clinical implications and can induce pathologies in the associated tissues, such as caries and periodontal disease, and in the adjacent teeth, such as root resorption and damage to the supporting tissue of the tooth. The objective was to analyze the indications for the extraction of asymptomatic lower third molars. The research was a bibliographic review based on the methodology of systematic reviews. The searches were carried out in electronic databases such as Elsevier, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, PubMed and LILACS and ten publications were included for the results in which topics related to prophylactic extractions of third molars, the risk that a third molar for the adjacent second molar and, in general, the indications for the extractions of the third molars. The discussion about the indications for the extraction of asymptomatic lower third molars is in the middle of a debate where, on the one hand, there are those who propose the need for a prophylactic extraction of these to avoid the highly probable difficulties that it will bring to the oral health of patients the presence of the third molar, especially for the adjacent second molar. And on the other, those who flatly refuse this procedure and consider that the extractions of the lower third molars should have the same indications as the other teeth.