Sistema adhesivo universal vs Sistema adhesivo de grabado y lavado.

Abstract

Adhesive systems are a group of materials with which a correct adhesion is made between the restorative material and the dental substrate, making the dental organ recover its aesthetic anatomy and carry out its masticatory and occlusal function. Faced with various difficulties that may arise when a correct adhesion technique is not performed, such as polymerization contraction, postoperative sensitivity, fracture of the restoration material and/or recurrence of caries, two adhesive systems are proposed: universal adhesive and the etch and rinse adhesive. The objective of this research is to describe the difference between the universal adhesive system and the etch and rinse adhesive system in the basic mechanisms of the bonding of the restorative material to the dental substrate. A literature search was carried out and seven articles with in vitro comparative clinical trials were included, as well as a systematic review article with meta-analysis. When we talk about the microleakage index, the universal adhesive shows better microleakage when the selective etching technique is applied, improving the marginal seal, preventing the entry of toxic microbial elements, presenting greater longevity and durability of the restoration. When dealing with the higher bond strength index of dentin, the etch and rinse adhesive system and the universal adhesive system when applied with this ER technique show higher microtensile and microshear bond strength, achieve a chemical bond with intact dentin under the hybrid layer, an adequate hybridization within the collagen fibrils and the stability of the resin-dentin interface, achieving its objective of adhesion between the restorative material and the dental substrate, recovering its functions and avoiding complications to future.