Gingivitis asociada a la respiración bucal.

Abstract

Currently, gingival disease in children and adolescents occurs more frequently, affecting the health of the gum, this has different factors that cause its appearance, but a large part of the population of this age group has a common condition which is to be mouth breathers which is the introduction of cold air, When the function of heating, humidifying and filtering the air that enters through the nose is lost, the irritation of the oral and pharyngeal mucosa increases (Díaz Soriano A, 2009), so the analysis of this pathology is of great interest for the dental field. Gingival disease has become a recurrent public health problem especially in school-age children and adolescents; the objective of this research is to determine if this pathology is associated with mouth breathing. The present investigation was carried out by means of a systematic, bibliographic, documentary, comparative, descriptive and explanatory review, basing its results on the search of information of diverse criteria exposed by authors at American and European continent level, so we can consider the results of several clinical studies which expose that 40% of children between 5 to 13 years of age mouth breathers present gingivitis in initial stage, in addition, that mouth breathing is highly prevalent in adolescents (40.4%) and represents a risk factor for gingival disease. Therefore, we can conclude that children and adolescents who mouth-breathe are prone to present gingival disease.