Manifestaciones bucales en pacientes pediátricos con asma.

Abstract

Asthma is a chronic disease that affects millions of children worldwide and is characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, difficulty breathing, and chest tightness. In addition to these common respiratory symptoms, asthma has been observed to manifest in other parts of the body, including the oral cavity. The objective was to identify the types of oral manifestations typically seen in pediatric patients with asthma. A systematic review was conducted that included 20 articles, with cross-sectional studies being the most represented designs. Pediatric patients with asthma exhibit a significant prevalence of oral manifestations. These include, among others, dry mouth, mucosal lesions, and periodontal issues, which are associated both with the asthma itself and with prolonged use of inhalation medications. These findings underscore the need for regular dental assessment and specific preventive strategies for this patient group. Collaboration between physicians and dentists is crucial for the comprehensive management of these children, ensuring not only proper asthma control but also optimal oral health, thereby improving their overall well-being and quality of life.