Análisis del derecho comparado sobre las pensiones de alimentos a los menores de edad: Ecuador, Colombia, Perú, Chile, Venezuela.

Abstract

The right to food for minors is a fundamental right recognized at a global level, so each state is responsible for adapting internal legal regulations in order to guarantee this right which, based on doctrine, regulations and international instruments, is a right covered by the principle of the best interests of the child. In this research, a comparative analysis of the regulatory frameworks that regulate the right to food for minors in Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, Chile and Venezuela was carried out. For this, using a mixed methodology (Bibliographic, descriptive, comparative analytical), the legal foundations, specific legislation, characteristics, subjects involved and pension determination mechanisms were examined. The main findings reveal both similarities and significant differences between the countries analyzed. Ecuador, Colombia and Peru stand out for having specialized regulatory bodies that regulate the right to food in detail, establishing clear criteria for setting pensions. Chile, although it lacks specialized legislation, has more effective mechanisms and institutions for the execution of pensions and subsidiary state assistance programs. Venezuela, despite widely enshrining the rights of children, faces serious difficulties in guaranteeing effective compliance with pensions due to the economic and social crisis. Although there is progress in the regulatory recognition of this fundamental right, important challenges remain to achieve its full guarantee in practice, which is why it recommends promoting legislative harmonization, strengthening execution mechanisms and regional cooperation in this matter.