Integración sensorial oral en los procesos de la succión y deglución en prematuros.

Abstract

The objective of this systematic review of previous research is to analyze how oral sensory integration affects the sucking and swallowing processes in premature infants. The methodology used consisted of a systematic model of bibliographic review under the descriptive method, where the search for 22 scientific articles was carried out in scientific sources such as Google academic, Redalyc, PubMed, among others, which allowed the study variables to be analyzed through research that precedes this. Among the main results, it was found that premature babies face challenges in the sucking and swallowing processes due to their neurological and muscular immaturity; Likewise, it was found that they can present various types of suction, with nutritive and non-nutritive suction being the most frequent in these cases; Therefore, it is concluded that sensory integration is necessary as part of a promising therapy that can optimize and improve the oral and motor coordination of premature infants, in order to facilitate the transition to oral feeding; However, the need to recognize the importance and role of the speech therapist in these care processes is also affirmed.