Disfunción sexual en pacientes adultos con insuficiencia renal crónica e impacto psicosocial.

Abstract

Sexual dysfunction is a common issue in adult patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), affecting both men and women and deteriorating their physical and emotional well-being. This condition, which includes disorders such as erectile dysfunction in men and decreased sexual desire in women, is associated with physiological factors derived from CKD, such as hormonal imbalances, circulatory problems, and side effects of medical treatments. Furthermore, chronic kidney disease often presents alongside comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. The impact of sexual dysfunction in patients with CKD is not limited to their physical health. Depression, anxiety, and decreased self-esteem are common, affecting interpersonal relationships and increasing the risk of social isolation. The quality of life of these patients is compromised due to the emotional and psychological effects of sexual dysfunction, creating a vicious cycle that worsens both their physical and emotional condition. This study aims to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in adult patients with chronic kidney disease, as well as its psychosocial impact. Through a systematic review of recent studies, the main causes of this dysfunction were identified, and strategies were proposed to improve the medical and psychosocial care of patients. The results show that early intervention and comprehensive treatment, addressing both physical and emotional aspects, are essential to improve the quality of life of patients with CKD.