Diabetes gestacional asociado a morbimortalidad en neonatos.

Abstract

Gestational diabetes is a common problem that often prompts maternal-fetal medicine consultations. As the number of cases increases, so does concern about neonatal complications arising from mothers with gestational diabetes. This systematic review aims to determine the morbidity and mortality that occurs in neonates due to gestational diabetes. Through a bibliographic-documentary study methodology, reliable information was collected from valid sources such as scientific articles and reports from official health organizations. The review identified neonatal cardiomyopathy, ventricular septal hypertrophy, neonatal hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia and hematological abnormalities, iron deficiency, bilirubin metabolism and neurological problems as the most common morbidities caused by gestational diabetes. However, most cases do not result in mortality since the risks of gestational diabetes are not directly related to death of the newborn. Finally, it is established that, to prevent complications in newborns, it is essential to provide prenatal care that addresses nutritional factors, physical activity, and regular monitoring of capillary glucose levels.