Prematuridad y sus secuelas en el neurodesarrollo.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the short- and long-term impact of prematurity on newborns. Prematurity is the main focus of the research due to its significant impact on the development of sequelae that affect the lives and daily development of these children. Objectives: To determine the influential sociodemographic characteristics and their relationship with gestational age, and to identify the most useful tools for early diagnosis. Methodology: Searches were conducted in the PubMed and Science Direct, Dialnet, and Lilacs databases to find full-text articles published between 2015 and 2022 in Spanish and English. Results: Twenty articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for this research were selected. Conclusions: A better economic status influences better access to healthcare for parents born prematurely. Those born with extremely low birth weight and extremely premature babies were the group most likely to present short- and long-term complications. There are greater deficits in the area of language.