Intervenciones de atención farmacéutica en el control glicémico de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2.

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 DM increases the risk of damage at the microvascular and macrovascular levels, which reduces the patient's quality of life. Currently, it is possible to implement pharmaceutical care interventions to improve and control this disease. Several investigations have been conducted evaluating the effect of different pharmaceutical interventions in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Objective: To understand the effect of pharmaceutical interventions on the glycemic control of patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methodology: A systematic review of the literature will be carried out with a qualitative approach contained in the Medline databases (via PubMed, Elsevier, Trip Database and Clinical Excellence, searches were carried out without restrictions regarding the year of publication of the studies, to thus, to recognize the effect of pharmaceutical care interventions on glycemic control, provided by community, clinical and hospital pharmacists to patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the outpatient level. Results: In the intervention group, the decrease in the net difference of glycated hemoglobin was revealing since it ranged between 0.4% and 3.3% in 27 studies; in 14 studies the decrease was significant and greater than or equal to 1%. Regarding the decrease in the net difference of glycosylated hemoglobin from the beginning to the end of the follow-up, between the control and follow-up groups it was important in 22 studies and its range was between 0.3% and 2.3%. Limitations: The current systematic review has some limitations. First, the studies have methodological weaknesses and insufficient information. Second only the values of glycosylated hemoglobin without including changes in blood pressure, lipid profile and body mass index. Conclusion: The pooled evidence showed a significant effect of pharmaceutical interventions on glycemic control in patients with Diabetes Mellitus.