Evaluación de las deficiencias nutricionales en el cultivo de judía de metro (Vigna unguiculata subsp. Sesquipedalis) en el cantón El Carmen.

Abstract

Vigna unguiculata is a crop adapted to subtropical and tropical zones, with high protein quality and high nutritional value. Nutritional deficiencies were evaluated with the suppression of the missing element of macronutrients on plant height (AP), number of leaves (NH), days to flowering (DF), number of pods plant -1 (NVP), number of seeds pod-1 (NSV), biomass of pod plant-1 (BVP) and biomass of seedless pods (BVSS). The trial was established in Manabí, Ecuador, Metro bean seeds (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis) were used. The missing element technique was applied for the treatments: T1 (without application), T2 (PK application), T3 (NK application), T4 (NP application) and T5 (NPK application). The treatments were established in an experimental plot in a randomized complete block design, with four replications. For the analysis, an ADEVA was performed; in the variables that generated statistical differences, the Tukey test was used. The data was processed with InfoStat. The results presented statistical differences (P<0.05) for AP, NH, NVP, NS and BVP; the best treatment was T5 compared to T1, with the least favorable results. The AP range was from 59.15 to 160.58 cm, at 56 days after sowing until the end of the trial, respectively for T5; while for T1 it was 55.20 cm and 151.93 cm. NH followed this trend, allowing T5 to obtain 77.10 leaves plant-1 at the last sampling, compared to 76.45 leaves·plant-1 of T1. In NVP T4 and T5 were the best treatments (11.45 and 1.93, ods plant-1, respectively) and T1 with T2 with the lowest values (9.78 and 10.38, respectively). The BVP was greater in T5 with 4.36 g and the NS also the T5 presented the highest value (17.73) and the lowest for T1 (17.0). The information generated will be an important contribution to be applied in the improvement of the cultivation of this species of great nutritional value.