Hongos Micorrízicos Arbusculares en la producción de plátano (Musa AAB) el Carmen Manabí Ecuador.

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on plantain (Musa AAB) production in Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with five treatments (T1: NPK, T2: AMF + Phosphorus, T3: AMF, T4: AMF + Organic Matter, and T5: Biol) and five replications, in an experimental area of 1650 m². The 25 plots, with a planting spacing of 3 x 2 m, included 275 plants, of which five were evaluated in each plot to analyze growth and productivity. The results showed that the biol treatment obtained the highest average bunch weight (11.9 ± 0.81 kg) and the highest number of fingers (28.05 ± 0.84) and hands (5.61 ± 0.15) per bunch, surpassing the other treatments in terms of productivity. In agronomic development, biol also stood out, achieving the greatest plant height (4.04 ± 0.05 m), the greatest stem diameter (65.01 ± 1.64 cm), and the greatest number of leaves at flowering (9) and harvest (3), suggesting robust structural growth. The use of biol as a biofertilizer proved to be the most effective option in terms of productive and agronomic performance, increasing yield and improving plant structure. These findings position biol as a sustainable and promising alternative to optimize banana crop productivity in this region.