Evaluar el efecto de sustratos orgánicos sobre la producción del haba (Vicia faba).

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different organic substrates on the growth and yield of broad bean (Vicia faba) cultivation in the locality of El Carmen, Manabí. A completely randomized block design was applied with four treatments (Bovinaza, Pollinaza, Cocoa husk, and Humus) and five replications. Regarding growth variables, no significant differences were observed in plant height at 30, 45, and 60 days. From 75 days onwards, differences became significant (p < 0.05), with Bovinaza standing out as the treatment with the greatest plant height (138.21 cm) and the highest number of leaves (135.55), while Cocoa husk and Pollinaza recorded the lowest values. Concerning yield variables, significant differences were identified in the number of flowers, pods, and seeds. The Bovinaza treatment achieved the best results, with 12.65 flowers, 11.8 pods, and 6.1 seeds per plant. In terms of yield, Bovinaza reached 2,700 kg·ha⁻¹, a value close to the 2,800 kg·ha⁻¹ reported with chemical fertilization and significantly higher than the yield obtained without fertilization (1,500 kg·ha⁻¹). The results demonstrate that organic substrates, particularly Bovinaza and Pollinaza, can sustainably improve the growth and yield of broad bean cultivation, providing a viable alternative to reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers.