Construcción de un sistema de extracción de humo para el área de soldadura en la carrera de TSE de la ULEAM extensión en El Carmen.

Abstract

The objective of this thesis is the design and construction of an efficient smoke extraction system for the elding area in the Technological Superior in Electromechanics (TSE) program at the Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí (ULEAM), El Carmen extension. This work is developed in response to the issue of exposure to smoke and toxic gases generated during welding processes, which pose a health risk to students and instructors involved in these activities. First, a diagnosis of the current conditions of the welding area is carried out, evaluating the risks associated with the accumulation of smoke and its impact on occupational health. Subsequently, a smoke extraction system is designed, including the selection of appropriate equipment, the calculation of the necessary ventilation capacity, and the distribution of ducts to ensure effective extraction. The proposed design considers both the effectiveness in capturing and eliminating smoke, as well as the economic feasibility, using low-cost materials and equipment that fit the available budget. Safety and maintenance ease are also considered to ensure the system's durability. The implementation of this system aims to improve the environmental conditions of the welding workshop and provide a safer and healthier working environment for the students. Finally, it is concluded that the construction and installation of an appropriate smoke extraction system will significantly contribute to the students' education and the preservation of their well-being.