Serotipo y variantes genéticas implicadas en el dengue grave.

Abstract

Dengue is a disease that produces a wide range of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic infection to dengue shock syndrome with low survival rates. Objective: To characterize the dengue virus serotypes involved in severe dengue. Methodology: A systematic search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, in English and Spanish, published from 2020 to 2024, following the recommendations of the 2020 PRISMA Declaration. Results: In epidemiological outbreaks, it has been determined that serotypes DENV-1 and DENV-2 are the most frequent; in children it is DENV-2 infection; in adults, serotypes DENV-1 and DENV-3 are added, there are genetic variations associated with severe dengue, such as tumor necrosis factor. Conclusions: The DENV-2 serotype has been associated with severe dengue; the risk of severity increases with a secondary infection.