Factores de riesgo y etiologías asociadas a reingresos por pancreatitis aguda.

Abstract

Currently, acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the main causes of visits to the emergency room due to acute abdominal pain. The pre-existing risk factors together with the local complications after the initial condition are situations that frequently cause recurrences, affecting the general condition of the patient. patient and leading to early and late readmissions. With the objective of determining the risk factors and etiologies associated with readmissions for acute pancreatitis in the last five years, a systematic review was carried out by searching for information in databases such as Scielo, PubMed, ScienceDirect and ProQuest. resulting in a readmission rate after acute pancreatitis that varies between 7% and 34%, frequently due to recurrences of the initial condition, with alcohol-induced biliary etiologies being frequent and due to hypertriglyceridemia, regardless of the initial cause, male sex. Caucasians, young people and adults are the ones who are frequently readmitted for this condition. Risk factors such as excessive alcohol consumption, tobacco, fragmentation of medical care, overweight, pre-existing medical conditions and failure to perform cholecystectomy during the index admission are associated with readmissions. Among the conclusive aspects, it is highlighted the need for a holistic approach that combines medical care, patient education and continuous investigation of their clinical status to improve the quality of life of each patient, reduce the rate of readmissions and the economic burden of readmission.