Revisión sistemática sobre el tratamiento antibiótico de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en pacientes mayores de 65 años.

Abstract

Community-acquired pneumonia is a common infectious disease in the population over 65 years of age, associated with prolonged hospital stays and high mortality rates, especially when adequate empirical antibiotic therapy is delayed. Objectives: To analyze antibiotic treatment for community-acquired pneumonia in patients over 65 years of age. Methodology: This is a systematic review, based on the PRISMA Guidelines, which includes articles published from 2019 to 2023 in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases that meet the objectives. Results: The use of empirical antibiotic therapy based on beta-lactams, in combination or not with macrolides, quinolones, and cephalosporins was found, although some of these may have adverse effects in this age group, as is the case with quinolones. Furthermore, the success of antibiotic therapy is related to its adjustment according to the most common etiology, taking into account risk factors for treatment failure. Conclusion: Beta-lactams are considered first-line antibiotics in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia.