Test FINDRISC para identificar resistencia a la insulina en adultos: una revisión sistemática.

Abstract

Insulin resistance and prediabetes are early stages of type 2 diabetes, associated with risks of progression and cardiovascular diseases. Early diagnosis is key to preventing complications and reducing the economic burden. The FINDRISC questionnaire may be a useful tool in primary care settings to identify these conditions. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the FINDRISC questionnaire for identifying insulin resistance and prediabetes in adults. Method: A systematic review of studies published between 2019 and 2024 was conducted, with specific criteria for prediabetes and insulin resistance. Information sources included PubMed and LILACS, using MeSH terms and Boolean operators. Article selection was based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and study quality and risk of bias were assessed using the JBI checklist. Results: The FINDRISC test has moderate accuracy in detecting prediabetes, with a sensitivity of 73.6% and specificity of 43.1%. Its performance varies by gender, being better in men. Despite being useful in identifying undiagnosed type 2 diabetes, it has limitations, such as low discriminative ability for prediabetes. Conclusions: FINDRISC is cost-effective and easy to administer, making it useful for identifying risks of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. However, its ability to detect prediabetes is limited. It is recommended to combine it with other tests and conduct research on its longitudinal validation and adjustments to cutoff points.