Estrategias de prevención del acoso escolar desde la perspectiva del trabajador social en las unidades educativas de la ciudad de Manta, años 2024-2025.

Abstract

This research examines preventive measures against bullying from the perspective of a social worker, focusing on schools in the city of Manta. Bullying, understood as a persistent form of physical, verbal, psychological, or social violence, significantly affects the emotional, academic, and social well-being of students. This phenomenon is linked to multiple structural factors such as domestic violence, exclusion, and the lack of adequate protocols. The objective of the study was to explore and analyze the strategies used by social work professionals, evaluating their application, effects, and difficulties. To this end, a qualitative methodology with an interpretive and phenomenological approach was employed, through interviews with ten social workers (from both public and private institutions), complemented by documentary analysis. Among the main findings, it was detected that private schools have better internal organization, more resources, and greater family collaboration, which allows for the implementation of preventive measures such as awareness workshops, coexistence committees, and restorative circles. In contrast, public institutions demonstrate operational deficiencies and limited family participation, which hinders comprehensive interventions. Despite these differences, both situations recognize the professional commitment of social workers, who play an active role as mediators and promoters of a culture of respect. The study concludes by highlighting the need to strengthen preventive strategies adapted to the context and consolidate the role of the social worker as a key element in building safe and transformative school environments.