Implementación de un sistema de riego automatizado a través de sensores a los exteriores del bloque de informáticas en La Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí.

Abstract

This thesis project focuses on the design and implementation of an automated irrigation system for mango and vetiver crops, installed outside the Informatics block at the Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí. This system uses ESP32 LoRa sensors to optimize irrigation management by monitoring key variables in real time, such as soil moisture, ambient temperature, and water flow, promoting efficiency and sustainability in agriculture. The MariaDB database is used to store the collected information, while a dashboard developed in Node-RED allows real-time visualization of the system's status. Through surveys conducted with 67 participants, including students, teachers, and agronomists, needs and expectations related to irrigation automation were identified, enabling the design of a user-centered system. The review of previous research highlighted the importance of automation in modern agriculture, particularly through the incorporation of IoT technologies for monitoring and controlling critical variables in crops. The results showed a high level of interest among the respondents, especially students, in the implementation of automated irrigation systems, underscoring the importance of integrating technological solutions in education and the agricultural sector, fostering sustainable and efficient practices. In conclusion, the developed system represents a practical tool for learning and experimentation, while also serving as a demonstrative model applicable to real crops. Regular maintenance of the system is recommended, along with future improvements, such as the integration of predictive algorithms and automated valve control, to maximize irrigation efficiency. This project drives the development of more sustainable agriculture and promotes the training of professionals specialized in the application of innovative technologies.