Análisis de la crisis moral y social en la obra "Ensayo Sobre La Ceguera".

Abstract

The general objective of this research was to analyze the moral and social crisis represented in José Saramago's work, Essay on Blindness, one of the most relevant works of contemporary literature that addresses the fragility of the human condition through the representation of an inexplicable "collective blindness" that affects a society. It was approached from a qualitative perspective, allowing us to gain a deep and contextual understanding of the work. Two methodology levels were considered: descriptive and exploratory, which explored themes such as dehumanization, the degradation of social norms, and moral crisis, among others. Furthermore, it is theoretically based on the concept of social dystopia, which allowed us to interpret blindness not as a physical phenomenon but as a metaphor for social apathy. The methods employed included deductive, inductive, critical, hermeneutic and documentary, analysis, with the aim of addressing both the narrative structure and the ethical and social background. Data collection was carried out using interviews, focus groups, and techniques such as observation and interpretation, allowing for multiple perspectives on the themes that emerge in the work.