La novela como medio didáctico para mejorar el pensamiento crítico y la compresión lectora.

Abstract

The novel promotes developing cognitive skills, activates short and long term memory, allows expanding the vocabulary, among other benefits, and for this reason, it is proposed to use this technique, as a teaching medium in the field of language and literature to improve reading significant in the students, considering variables such as the novel, critical thinking and reading compression. The general objective is to analyze the importance of the use of the literary novel as a teaching medium to improve critical thinking and reading comprehension, and demonstrate the significant contribution of the novel to teaching-learning in the area of ​​Language and literature. While the specific objectives demonstrate the following: first, determine the factors that influence critical thinking and reading comprehension, because reading faces great competitiveness, in the face of various distractions, which make adolescents downplay this activity. Second, Understand the methodological strategy that will allow improving reading comprehension and critical thinking in students and third, Present diagnostic tests on the literary novel “The Old Man and the Sea” to improve the compression and criticality of the students. The study presents a mixed approach: qualitative and quantitative, supported by bibliographic support, a field investigation was also carried out counting on the help of a teacher from the area of ​​language and literature, the rector and students of the institution. The present investigation was developed in the eighth parallel year “F” corresponding to the upper basic of the fiscal educational unit “Manta, located in the city of Manta-Manabí, Through data collection techniques, the diagnostic test, interview and observations, identified several deficiencies, which allowed for a thorough investigation to reach a research objective. Various options were sought to improve thinking criticism and reading comprehension in students.